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C4 plant

Carbon fixation is a process of taking carbon dioxide in order to synthesize sugar, such as glucose. Thus, carbon dioxide is... Read More

Growth and Plant Hormones

Growth All living organisms begin in the same form: as a single cell. That cell will divide and the resulting cells will... Read More

Botany

Botany is a highly diverse subject that encompasses several aspects of plants. When the question pops up, “what is a... Read More

Plant

Plant Definition A plant refers to any of the eukaryotic organisms of the biological kingdom Plantae, characterized by... Read More

Plant cell

Plant Cell Definition A plant cell refers to any cell of a plant. It is the structural and functional unit of plants. Plant... Read More

Turgidity

Turgidity Definition Turgidity is the state of being turgid or swollen, especially due to high fluid content. In a general... Read More

Herbivore

Herbivore Definition A herbivore is the primary consumer of the food chain that usually occupies the second trophic level... Read More

Cell wall

The cell is the structural, functional, and biological unit of all organisms. It is a membrane-bound structure containing... Read More

Vacuole

A vacuole is a single membrane-bound organelle with no definite shape or size found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic... Read More

Cytokinin

Plants require growth hormones for their regulated growth. Plant growth hormones or regulators (PGRs) are small organic... Read More

Angiosperm

Angiosperms Definition What is an angiosperm? An angiosperm is a plant that produces flowers. The angiosperms, also... Read More

Turgor pressure

In biology, turgor pressure pertains to the pressure that is exerted by the fluid (e.g. water) against the cell wall. It is... Read More

Tissue

Tissue Definition What is tissue in the body? The body tissue is an aggregation of cells that function together and have a... Read More

Recalcitrant

Several words of the English language find wide usage in subjects as diverse as literature, science, social science,... Read More

Vascular plants

Definition of Vascular plants The term 'vascular' is derived from the Latin word vāsculum, vās, meaning "a container and... Read More

Plant Tissues

Plants are composed of three major organ groups: roots, stems, and leaves. As we know from other areas of biology, these... Read More

Intercalary meristem

The basic structural framework of plants is composed of different types of tissues. Based upon the capacity to divide, the... Read More

Xylem

Xylem Definition Xylem is defined as a plant tissue that transfers water and nutrients from roots to all over the plant... Read More

Parenchyma

Parenchyma Definition What does parenchyma mean? Let's define the word "parenchyma". Most of the functional tissues in... Read More

Apical bud

Apical Bud Definition The apical bud is the type of bud located at the top (apex) of the plant, particularly at the very... Read More

Flora

Flora in Roman history refers to flowers. Flora was considered the god of spring for the Roman empire. In ecology, flora is... Read More

The consequences of antibiotic use in horticulture

Leading articlesFrederick R. Falkiner* Department of Clinical Microbiology, Trinity College, Dublin; Central Pathology... Read More

Plasmolysis

Plasmolysis is the shrinking of protoplasm away from the cell wall of a plant or bacterium. The protoplasmic shrinking is... Read More

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is a physio-chemical process carried out by photo-auto-lithotrophs by converting light energy into chemical... Read More

Plant Metabolism

Introduction Plants are responsible for incredible feats of molecular transformation. The processes are always being... Read More

Plant Cells vs. Animal Cells

Plant Cells Most cells are not visible with the naked eye. However, with microscopes of various types, plant cells can be... Read More

Flaccid

Flaccid Definition Biology – What is Flaccid? In botany, the term flaccid refers to a cell that lacks turgidity, i.e. it... Read More

Water in Plants

The movement of molecules, specifically water and any solutes, is vital to understand in light of plant processes. This will... Read More

Plant sets off “SOS” for plant defense when it gets hurt

When herbivore, such as an insect, nibbles a plant leaf, the plant sets off an "SOS" or distress signal as one of the... Read More

Apomixis

Apomixis Definition Just like any other organism, the process of reproduction is pivotal to the life cycle of plants. There... Read More

Calvin cycle

Calvin Cycle Definition The Calvin cycle, also known as the Calvin Benson cycle or the dark reactions, is a series of... Read More

Symbiosis

Symbiosis Definition What is symbiosis? Symbiosis can be defined as any kind of relationship or interaction between two... Read More

Omnivore

Organisms need to eat food in order to gain energy and survive in the ecosystem. Often, living things are categorized by how... Read More

Plant Meristems and Growth

A common mistake that many people assume is that an increase in size means an increase in growth. This is not the case.... Read More

Tree

“The biological diversity is plenty if you look around yourself a little closely; with an eye for life!” … People... Read More

Growth

Growth Definition What is growth in biology? Growth is the irreversible increase of an organism’s size over a given... Read More

Plant Water Regulation

A plant requires water as an essential ingredient of photolysis, the photochemical stage of photosynthesis where water is... Read More

Sporophyte

Sporophyte Definition What is a sporophyte? Accordingly, the sporophyte is the plant generation that produces spores. To... Read More

Stipulate

Stipulate Definition Stipulate meaning: Stipulate typically refers to a specific feature or characteristic of a plant's... Read More

Pith

Pith Definition In general, the term "pith" refers to the "soft inner portion" of something. In botany, a pith refers... Read More